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Clinicomicrobiological profile of mycotic keratitis patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital of rural North India
Jyoti Sangwan1, Kirti Lohan1, Manpreet Kaur2, Yogesh Kumar2, Nishtha Saini2, Pratibha Mane1, Pooja Singla1, Sameena Khan3
1 Department of Microbiology, SHKM GMC, Nuh, Haryana, India
2 Department of Opthalomology, SHKM GMC, Nuh, Haryana, India
3 Department of Microbiology, DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Correspondence Address:
Jyoti Sangwan,
Professor, Department of Microbiology, SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Nuh - 122 107, Haryana
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_64_22
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Background: Mycotic keratitis (MK) or keratomycosis is an infection of corneal stroma caused by a variety of fungal species. It is a condition resulting in blindness if untreated seen, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. The identification of causative fungus is key to starting appropriate treatment. This study aimed to describe clinicomicrobiological profile along with associated demographic factors of MK patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital situated in rural North West India.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 3 years from June 2018 to June 2021 at a tertiary care hospital situated in rural North India after obtaining ethics committee approval. After obtaining informed consent, a detailed history was taken from suspected MK patients. Then, corneal scrapings were taken under the slit lamp and processed in the microbiology laboratory for isolation and identification of causative agents. The results obtained were analyzed.
Results: A total of 114 nonrepetitive samples were collected from patients suspected of keratomycosis during the study period. Eighty-one (71.1%) samples were found to be positive for fungal growth. Males were affected more than females (1.53:1). Individuals belonging to the age group of 21–40 years were involved the most. Farmers (48.1%) were affected most of all. The predominant fungal species isolated was Candida followed by Aspergillus and Fusarium.
Conclusion: The present study highlights the different etiology of MK across different geographical regions. Candida spp. was the most common etiological agent observed in the study followed by Aspergillus and Fusarium spp. Its prevalence, risk factors, and causative agents involved vary with geographic variation, occupation, and local prevailing practices. Timely diagnosis can get an individual the right treatment and can save the vision.
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